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JACK- 1. A blade having high and/or
low butts used to actuate the movement of latch knitting
needles.
2. Part of a dobby head designed
to serve as a lever in the operation of the harness of a
loom.
JACKET- 1. A woven or felted tubular
sleeve for covering and shrinking on a machine roll. 2.
A short
coat. 3. In polymer manufacture, an external shell around a reaction
vessel. For example,
jacketed
vessels are used when heat-transfer medium is circulated around the vessel.
JACQUARD- A system of weaving that
utilizes a highly versatile pattern mechanism to permit
the
production of large, intricate designs. The weave pattern is achieved by a
series of punched
cards.
Each card perforation controls the action of one warp thread for the passage of
one pick.
The
machine may carry a large number of cards, depending upon the design, because
there is a
separate
card for each pick in the pattern. Jacquard weaving is used for tapestry,
brocade,
damask,
brocatelle, figured necktie and dress fabrics, and some floor coverings. A
similar device
is used
for the production of figured patterns on some knit goods.
JASPÉ- 1. A fabric used for suiting,
draperies, or upholstery characterized by a series of faint
stripes
formed by dark, medium, and light yarns of the same color. 2. A term describing carpets
having
a faint striped effect.
J-BOX- A J-shaped holding device used
in continuous operations
to provide varying amounts of intermediate material
storage such as in wet processing of fabrics and in tow
production. The material is fed to the top and pleated to fill
the long arm before being withdrawn from the short arm.
J-CUT- In tufting cut-pile carpet
constructions, uneven cutting
of the loops caused by poor adjustment of knives and hooks
or excessive tension.
JEAN- Cotton twill fabric, similar to
denim, but lighter and finer, in a 2/1 weave for sportswear
and
linings.
JERSEY- 1. A circular-knit or flat-knit
fabric made with a plain
stitch in which the loops intermesh in only one direction. As a
result, the appearance of the face and the back of a jersey
fabric
is wholly different. 2. A tricot fabric made with a simple stitch,
characterized by excellent drape and wrinkle recovery properties.
.JET- 1. A device used to bulk yarns by
introducing curls, coils, and loops that are formed by the
action
of a high velocity stream, usually of air or steam. (Also . TEXTURING, Air Jet
Method.)
2. . SPINNERET.
JET DYEING MACHINE- A high-temperature piecedyeing
machine
that circulates the dye liquor through a
Venturi
jet, thus imparting a driving force to move the
fabric.
The fabric, in rope form, is sewn together to form a
loop.
JET LOOM- A shuttleless loom that employs
a jet of water
or air to carry the filling yarn through the shed.
(Also
WEFT INSERTION.)
JIG- A machine in which fabric in
open width-form is transferred repeatedly
from one roller to another, passing each time through a bath of relatively
small volume. Jigs are used for scouring, dyeing, bleaching,
and
finishing.
JUTE- A bast fiber used for sacking,
burlap, and twine as a backing material
for tufted carpets.
JUTE BUTT- The flaggy lower end of jute
fiber that is cut off in preparing
jute for market. The fibers are 0.4 to 1 inch in length. Jute butts are used in
twines and coarse
bagging.
JUTE COUNT- The weight in pounds of a
spindle of 14,400 yards of yarn.