There are so many Principal of the Design such as varieties of line, positive and negative shape, three-dimensional form, occupied and unoccupied space, color, value and texture. The manner in which these elements are used and combined determines the quality of a piece of work. Thoughtfully balancing, moving, repeating, emphasis and contrasting the design elements..
Balance
It is a sense of stability when applied to opposing visual attractions or forces.
There is a natural desire for balance, and in nature balance is ever-present
Movement
Movement and the portrayal of movement have always fascinated artists and designers.
Movement and the portrayal of movement have always fascinated artists and designers.
By careful arrangement of the design elements, the illusion of movement can be created.
In optical art and designs the sensation of movement may deeply affect the viewer’s
responses. Some paintings can provoke dizziness by making it difficult for the eyes to
focus on a central point.Associated with movement is time. Pictures and patterns are capable of holding our attention for varying amounts of time. Some designs may be so subtle that these are
barely noticed, if at all, by the viewer, while others can hold attention for much longer
periods.
Repetition
Repetition occurs when elements that have something in common are repeated. When
a design consists of shapes that are exactly alike, repeated in a uniform and regular
manner, then that design tends to seem more formal. By varying the shapes and the
spaces between them, a more informal interest is created. The repetition of some of the elements within a design repeat can hold designs together. Repeated shapes make patterns. Many textile designs, because of the method of manufacture, will automatically repeat.
Emphasis/contrast
Emphasis calls attention to important areas of design and subdues everything else on
the picture plane. By placing emphasis on certain areas, artists and designers create
centres of interest that cause our eyes to return there again and again.
Bold details, unusual textures and bright colours are more prominent than more
subdued features. Often the left side and the upper part of a picture attract our attention
first; this is particularly so for those whose language is written from left to right.
Similarity of elements in a design often leads to monotony. Contrasting elements
tend to stand out. Elements that contrast strongly stand in opposition to one another
light against dark, large against small, round against square or smooth against rough.
Unity
Unity exists when all the elements in a design work together harmoniously. In a unified
design, each element plays an equally important part.